One of the technology terms that most people have become accustomed to hearing either at work or while surfing the internet is the database. The database used to be an extremely technical term, however with the rise of computer systems and information technology throughout our culture, the database has become a household term.
The definition of a database is a structured collection of records or data that is stored in a computer system. In order for a database to be truly functional, it...
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Data Management is a broad field of study, but essentially is the process of managing data as a resource that is valuable to an organization or business. One of the largest organizations that deal with data management, DAMA (Data Management Association), states that data management is the process of developing data architectures, practices and procedures dealing with data and then executing these aspects on a regular basis.
There are many topics within data management, some of the more...
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ODBC is an abbreviation for Open Database Connectivity, and is an interface to access databases via SQL queries. The ODBC can be used as an access tool to various databases such as MS-Access, dBase, DB2, Excel, and Text. Through these Call Level Interface (CLI) specifications of the SQL Access Group, the OBDC allows a neutral way of accessing the data stored in personal computers and various databases. It was first created by Microsoft and Simba Technologies. ODBC 1.0 was initially released...
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Database normalization is the process of organizing data into distinct and unique sets.
The purposes of normalization are to:Reduce or eliminate storage of duplicate dataOrganize data into an efficient and logical structure
The process of normalization involves determining what data should be stored in each database table.
By tradition, the process of normalization involves working through well-defined steps, called normal forms.
In First Normal Form (1NF) you eliminate duplicate columns...
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Database replication is the creation and maintenance of multiple copies of the same database. In most implementations of database replication, one database server maintains the master copy of the database and additional database servers maintain slave copies of the database. Database writes are sent to the master database server and are then replicated by the slave database servers. Database reads are divided among all of the database servers, which results in a large performance advantage...
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A multimedia database is a database that hosts one or more primary media file types such as .txt (documents), .jpg (images), .swf (videos), .mp3 (audio), etc. And loosely fall into three main categories:Static media (time-independent, i.e. images and handwriting)Dynamic media (time-dependent, i.e. video and sound bytes)Dimensional media (i.e. 3D games or computer-aided drafting programs- CAD)
All primary media files are stored in binary strings of zeros and ones, and are encoded according to...
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A data dictionary is a reserved space within a database which is used to store information about the database itself.
A data dictionary may contain information such as:
- Database design information
- Stored SQL procedures
- User permissions
- User statistics
- Database process information
- Database growth statistics
- Database performance statistics
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A relational database stores data in separate tables instead of placing all data in one large table.
A relational database then allows Data Base Administrator's (DBA's) to define relationships between these tables.
These relationships enable DBA's to combine data from several tables for querying and reporting.
This is accomplished through the use of keys, which are database fields used to uniquely identify specific records in a table.
Relational database technology allows databases to be...
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A stored procedure is a set of SQL commands that has been compiled and stored on the database server.
Once the stored procedure has been "stored", client applications can execute the stored procedure over and over again without sending it to the database server again and without compiling it again.
Stored procedures improve performance by reducing network traffic and CPU load. |
A transactional database is a DBMS where write operations on the database are able to be rolled back if they are not completed properly.
If a transactional database system loses electrical power half-way through a transaction, the partially completed transaction will be rolled back and the database will be restored to the state it was in before the transaction started.
Imagine that a front-end application is sending a customer order to a database system. The front-end application sends the...
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